“Border Incident” (1949) starring Ricardo Montalban & George Murphy

The Bracero Program (1942-1964) was a series of agreements btwn Mexico and the US that allowed millions of Mexican men to work (legally) in the U.S. on short-term agricultural/railroad contracts. It was created to address labor shortages during WWII; it was the largest guest worker program in U.S. history. However, braceros often faced exploitation (promised wages, housing, and working conditions NOT met by growers). This movie (available on Amazon Prime video) centers on federal agents trying to protect Mexican braceros (someone who works w/ their arms/hands) from being robbed/killed along the U.S.-Mexico border. Pablo Rodriguez (Ricardo Montalban; aged 29 and looking FAB in 1st MGM lead role) teams up w/ FBI agent, Jack Bearnes (George Murphy) to tackle illegal immigrant smuggling. This is one of the few roles where Montalban played a Mexican (his real ancestry)! Pablo goes undercover as a bracero; Jack poses as a criminal (who smuggles work permits). There is a documentary feel in the framing (beginning and end) scenes. This movie (filmed mostly on location: Mexicali, Mexico; Calexico and El Centro, CA) is a blend of noir and Western.

Border Incident (a courageous movie for its day) was directed by Anthony Mann (before his iconic Westerns starring James Stewart). The budget needed ($650K) would’ve been TOO high for the “Poverty Row” studios he’d toiled in for 7 yrs. Mann was invited to MGM studios, which was headed by Dore Schary, a liberal/Democrat committed to making meaningful movies. Schary had been a playwright, director, and producer (for the stage), before transitioning to screenwriter and producer of moving pictures. Mann was apolitical; his main focus was making quality films. The director insisted that his frequent collaborator, John Alton, be hired on as DP/cinematographer. Fans of noir consider Alton to be a master of B&W photography; as Eddie Muller (TCM) noted, he somehow made the (wide open) spaces of the desert look claustrophobic!

There is no femme fatale (as this is a world populated by men); instead, we meet a bevy of baddies of different looks and (unhinged) personalities! Rancher Howard Plakson is played by Howard Da Silva; noir-istas may recognize him from The Blue Dahlia (1944) and They Live by Night (1948). Alfonso Bedoya plays “Cuchillo” (knife); he was the Mexican bandit “Gold Hat” in The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948). He famously told Bogie: “We don’t need no stinking badges!” Zopilote is played by Howard Moss, a Shakespearean stage actor who had played many “ethnic” roles (due to his ambiguous looks). Mann creates tension and does NOT shy away from depicting racism and violence (based on real cases from the INS).

[1] If you’ve only known Mr. Montalban as Mr. Roarke on “Fantasy Island” or as Khan on the “Star Trek” episode “Space Seed” not to mention “Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan” you’ll probably be wonderfully surprised by his heroic role here.

[2] The pic is often vicious, sadistic even, landing violent scenes in the conscious that refuse to move until it’s all over and the screen goes blank. Suspense is never far away in Border Incident, with a mostly on form cast… bringing the material to life as the dream team cloak it all in pictorial assertiveness.

[3] John Alton’s photography is worth seeing alone, even without the sound it’s so good, not that you would want to avoid the fantastic score by Andre Previn. And the direction by Anthony Mann at the peak of his intensity is sharp and beautifully controlled.

-Excerpts from IMDb reviews

“Duel in the Sun” (1946) starring Jennifer Jones, Joseph Cotten, & Gregory Peck

A biracial (white/Native American) teen girl, Pearl Chavez (Jennifer Jones), who was raised in Mexico is sent to live w/ her distant relatives on a ranch in Texas. She is warmly welcomed by Laura Belle McCanles (Lilian Gish) and her lawyer son, Jesse (Joseph Cotten). Pearl meets w/ hostility from the patriarch, Sen. Jackson McCanles (Lionel Barrymore). Pearl is (at first) wary of the interests of younger son, Lewt (Gregory Peck), who is undisciplined/untamed. Jesse is calm/educated; he ultimately sides w/ the railroad against his father, saying: “I’d rather be on the side of the victims than of the murderers.” Long-held family tensions are exacerbated by her presence!

David O. Selznick spent the rest of his life trying to top Gone With the Wind. He was also obsessed w/ making 2nd wife (Jones) into the greatest leading lady. He didn’t succeed at either, but it wasn’t for lack of trying (from what I’ve heard from classic movie critics)! Jones got an Oscar for her 1st film- The Song of Bernadette. Selznick realized that she couldn’t play saintly women forever, so Pearl became the total opposite.

This movie is a hot/cringe-y mess, to keep it short! I saw it last month; I’m sure also watched it as a kid, BUT blocked it out (LOL)! This was one of few times where Peck played the bad guy; it may be awkward for fans (b/c he’s NOT doing his best). I’m thinking most of blame was on direction/producing- it’s doing TOO much (as Gen Z say)! The issues of (overt) racism and consent (or lack thereof) will offend those who are more sensitive viewers- so be warned.

[1] One thing with Selznick, he spared no expense. He got the best in talent for this film. Dimitri Tiomkin did the score, King Vidor the direction, Ray Rennahan the color photography which is absolutely stunning. […]

It misses being a classic mainly because Selznick couldn’t keep his hands off it. Sometimes the acting is about as subtle as a sledgehammer from all the performers. I’m willing to bet it’s Selznick more than Vidor.

[2] Everything about “Duel in the Sun” is overripe: the music, the photography (those red sunsets a la GWTW), the strong emotions and the climactic duel on a blazing desert sun by the two mismatched lovers. Indeed, the excesses are almost operatic in proportion–and yet, a viewer can get caught up in this sprawling western rightly termed “Lust in the Dust” by some reviewers.

[3] Pearl just can’t resist Lewt, no matter how bad he treats her. Leave your political correctness at the door, folks. This one’s got a little something to offend almost everybody.

-Excerpts from IMDb reviews

“Port Authority” (2019): From Executive Producer Martin Scorsese

Port Authority is a love story set in New York’s ballroom scene, and follows Paul, a 20 y.o. from Pittsburgh, who arrives at the central bus station and quickly catches eyes w/ Wye, a 22 y.o. voguing on the sidewalk. After Paul seeks her out in secret, an intense love btwn them blossoms. But when Paul discovers Wye is trans, he is forced to confront his own identity and what it means to belong. -Synopsis (Variety)

Here is a brief description of Ball culture (via Wikipedia): The Ballroom scene (AKA Ballroom community, Ballroom culture, or just Ballroom) is an African-American and Latino underground LGBTQ+ subculture. Its origins can be found in drag balls of the mid-19th C. US, such as those hosted by William Dorsey Swann, a formerly enslaved Black man in D.C. By the early 20th C, integrated drag balls were popular in cities such as New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and Philadelphia. In the mid-20th C, as a response to racism in integrated drag spaces, the balls evolved into house ballroom, where Black and Latino attendees could “walk” in a variety of categories for trophies and cash prizes. Most participants in ballroom belong to groups known as “houses”, where chosen families of friends form relationships and communities separate from their families of origin, from which they may be estranged.

This coming-of-age drama is the directorial debut of Danielle Lessovitz; she made the movie w/ grants from the Torino Film Lab, CNC Cinema du Monde (France), and New York Council of the Arts. Paul is played by Fionn Whitehead, a dark-haired/brown-eyed Brit who was cast (at just 19 y.o.) in Dunkirk (2017) directed by Christopher Nolan. Whitehead began acting at 13 in youth theaters in his native London; he hails from a family of creatives. He is also the lead in Black Mirror: Bandersnatch; I haven’t seen this movie yet (though do like the Black Mirror streaming series). Wye is played by Leyna Bloom (a trans model/actress) who appeared in the FX series Pose; I’ve seen S1 (so far). Bloom hails from Chicago; she has a Black American father and Filipina mother. She trained in various styles of dance since 6th grade; at only 14 y.o. – she performed at the American Ballet Theater w/ Misty Copeland.

Martin Scorsese served as one of the executive producers; I learned this while listening to a Screen Drafts podcast ep on his work. Why would Scorsese be interested in this particular story, some may wonder? Well, this film is set in NYC and delves into group dynamics, power, violence, and masculinity (common in his directorial work). The group of young/white men that Paul comes to live/work w/ is led by Lee (McCaul Lombardi), who is handsome, street-smart, and a bit older (mid-20s) than the others. Late one night on the subway, Lee helps Paul out after the newcomer beaten up by thugs. Lombardi hails from Baltimore, is of Italian-American heritage, and appeared in American Honey (2016) directed by Andrea Arnold (a Cannes selection).

Our early 20s can be a challenging time; perhaps we go away from parents/home, attend college, enter the “adult”/work world, make new friends, etc. The characters here are facing poverty, housing insecurity, and violence on the streets (incl. for things they can’t control- race and physical presentation). Lee and his followers at the shelter hustle to make money by procuring/ selling furniture, electronics, etc, using their race privilege against poor POC/immigrants. Paul goes along w/ them, BUT gets more and more uncomfortable w/ their pushy tactics. On the other hand, Wye and her ball community are focused on self-expression, acceptance, and supporting each other.

Some critics liked the movie, BUT were disappointed that it was told from the POV of the cis/white man. Paul doesn’t feel like he has power over his life; we explains to Wye that he was in foster care and has “anger issues.” Falling in love opens Paul’s eyes up to a wider world; he’s in awe of his new feelings (and the filmmakers depict that well). Unlike him, Wye is comfortable in her own skin, moves gracefully, and has a found family in her “house” (where the young men are her “brothers”). I wanted to see more of the house “mother” (who had 2 good scenes). If you like gritty/realistic and intimate character stories, you can check this out on streaming (for free).

[1] The choice of close-up which make majority of the movie, makes it personal. You feel what the characters are feeling. Watch this movie if you like character driven dramas.

[2] I had the extraordinary opportunity to meet the director back in late 2019, in a Q&A that took place in the Official Language School right after the screening in Gijon’s Film Festival where I first saw the movie. She was so kind and committed to direct the film with heart and mind in the right place, taking a complex thematic involving the identity (in more ways than one) and staying true to the roots.

-Excerpts from IMDb reviews

“Horizon: An American Saga – Chapter 1” (2024) starring Kevin Costner, Sienna Miller, & Sam Worthington

The story of a nation unsettled. -Tagline

Hey y’all, can you believe it’s already SEPT (Fall)? Also, can y’all believe I wasted 3+ hrs. watching this Western (streaming on Max)!? It took me 2 nights to get through it last wk; I think this could be a cure for insomnia. As on viewer put it so clearly: “It felt like it belonged on TV as a miniseries in the late ’90s.” Actor/director/co-writer Kevin Costner reportedly spent a LOT of his own money to make this $100M movie. There are 2 more chapters being made; it’s NOT certain that those will get theatrical releases. I have to admit that I find Costner to be a limited actor (though I liked No Way Out and Bull Durham); I’ve also never seen his recent Paramount+ series- Yellowstone.

There a 3 or 4 separate groups (so far) that we meet in this sprawling/epic mess. The settings are several Western states in the time period of 1861-1865. The opening act is quite tense/exciting (I have to admit); Costner’s teen son (Hayes) plays a role. The 1st set of characters we meet incl. a mother, Frances Kittridge (Sienna Miller), her teen daughter Elizabeth (Georgia MacPhail), and a regiment of Union Army officers lead by Lt. Trent Gephart (Sam Worthington). I know what y’all are thinking: whoa, Worthington works outside of the Avatar franchise! The 2nd group are an Apache tribe going through division/conflict; 2 sons of a chief have differing views on how to deal w/ the White settlers (who are growing w/ each day). The 3rd grp incl. a horse trader, Hayes Ellison (Costner); he doesn’t ride into the story until 1 hr. goes by. He comes to a small mining town and meets a prostitute, Marigold (Abbey Lee), who is taking care of the baby of Ellen Harvey (Jenna Malone), while she goes on some business w/ her hubby (Michael Angarano). The 4th grp. is a wagon train heading to the (fictional) town of Horizon; these settlers are lead by Matthew Van Weyden (Luke Wilson). No, that is NOT a joke- they expect us to believe that Wilson belongs in a historical piece! There are 2 British/snobby/clueless marrieds who are objects of humor.

There are maybe 3 scenes which carry some interest, thanks to Danny Huston (a Union general), Michael Rooker (a Union officer), and Jamie Campbell Bower (a gunslinger/son of a crime family). Bower also the only actor who looks like he’s having fun w/ his baddie role. Huston seems to be a fan of Westerns; he recently played the mayor in The Dead Don’t Hurt (2023). Most of the dialogue here is SO cliched that it’d make a HS English teacher cringe. There is little to no character development, so we end up caring nothing re: the plight of these folks. Worst of all is the the editing; it is disjointed, so creates confusion in the audience! The music is TOO grand in scale for such a lame movie.

[1] Sorry, Mr. Costner, I cannot recall seeing a more disjointed 3-hr saga in my life. There’s no opportunity for character development or story continuity, and to be able to keep track of where all the characters are (some go missing without explanation) nope… You might need a spreadsheet to keep track.

[2] The US Army parts felt a little too modern. The use of the word “indigenous” just did not sound right for that time. Also we have never been shown US Army compassion from that time period before.

The playful addition of African Americans seems very modern as well. No doubt they were there, but living harmoniously with whites is hard to believe.

[3] I was particularly irritated by the inappropriate loud glorious/triumphant music played during the Indian village massacre and several more minute at the end. It really upset me they would play such music over the top of the horrific depictions of violence against innocent women and children. It was like they were celebrating it.

-Excerpts from IMDb reviews

“God’s Own Country” (2017) starring Josh O’Connor, Alec Secareanu, Gemma Jones, & Ian Hart

Are you looking for a man in drama, 6’2”, blue eyes, and unconventional looks? After seeing British actor Josh O’Connor in Challengers (2024), I started to look into his earlier work. Wow, I fell (even more) in love w/ his acting! The actor (now 34 y.o.) is from Cheltenham in Gloucestershire (southern England). However, when 1st time feature writer/director (Francis Lee) watched his audition tape for Johnny (w/ a V convincing accent), he assumed O’Connor was from Yorkshire (northern England). O’Connor’s mother is from Yorkshire, though he said she doesn’t have that specific accent. Lee said: “he is one of those rare actors who is a real shape-shifter.” This movie was inspired by Lee’s own experiences of growing up/working on his family farm; he is also an openly gay man. To prepare for their roles, the two lead actors lived/worked on a farm for 2 weeks (prior to filming). All scenes w/ the animals are real; the movie was shot chronologically on location at a working farm near Lee’s childhood home. Georghe (Alec Secareanu) was inspired by a Romanian immigrant who Lee met some years ago and that man’s experiences of racism while working in the UK. Lee (who insisted that a Romanian was needed for this role) flew 3 actors in from Bucharest to London to screentest w/ O’Connor.

Johnny Saxby (O’Connor- then 26 y.o.) is a young man in his early 20s responsible for the running of his family’s small farm. His grandmother, Deidre (Gemma Jones), takes care of their humble house. Johnny’s father, Martin (Ian Hart), has gone through serious health issues, so decides to take on a hired hand. Though he doesn’t speak much (repressing his thoughts and emotions), it’s obvious that Johnny resents his father’s decision. Unlike Johnny, who projects a cold/forbidding demeanor, Georghe is a warm presence in the small household. He carries himself w/ quiet dignity and humility, as well as being a capable farmhand; this impresses Martin and Deidre. When the two men have to go off alone to a secluded area to look after the sheep, tensions boil over in unexpected ways!

There is a LOT of talk re: toxic masculinity, male loneliness, and racism/prejudice (faced by migrant workers) today; this film delves into such topics (yet NOT in a heavy-handed/Hollywood manner). The weight of responsibilities has made Johnny bitter, angry, and a (possible) alcoholic. While his old schoolmates attend college and hang out in pubs, Johnny spends time w/ cows, sheep, and random hookups. As an outsider to this land, Georghe sees the (natural) beauty and appreciates it. There are a few scenes in this film which MAY put off sensitive viewers; as many viewers have pointed out, it’s BOTH gritty and lovely (in its own way). Lee and his cinematographer (Joshua James Richards) worked for 4 mos, planning every shot before production. O’Connor won Best Actor for his work at the 2017 British Independent Film Awards (BIFA).

[1] Like Brokeback, this is a genre-defying, coming of age, drama-rich love story.

[2] All in all, next to downplaying the overly popular romantic view on running a farm, this movie also does a good job of introducing a fresh take on gay relationships.

[3] Before I knew it I was in Yorkshire. The silence was deafening, emotions unspoken. Then, Josh O’Connor – a miraculous actor – I didn’t know who the actor was and that helped enormously to get sucked into his world – exterior and interior – and to live his experience fully. Alec Secareanu produces the perfect emotional blow. Roughness and tenderness in a stunning, totally believable performance that, I know will live in my mind forever.

[4] Absolutely stunning film that is now right up there among my all-time favourites. It’s sensual and romantic; and raw and ugly at the same time which is actually quite an accomplishment. The partnership between O’Connor and Secareanu is incredibly effective; the magnificent Ian Hart made me cry and Gemma Jones is amazing as well.

-Excerpts from IMDb reviews